In 1666 France, Louis XIV reigned supreme. But Italy still controlled the arts. French artists flocked to the Eternal City for study at the French Academy, and returned with the cultural spoils of their time there—inspiration in architecture, design, and fashion. The king soon enlisted Jules Hardouin-Mansart, his court’s chief architect, to dream up a uniquely French aesthetic.

In 1678, as part of his renovation of the Grande Galerie in the Palace of Versailles, Hardouin-Mansart arranged 357 mirrors into a row of 17 large arches along a wall opposite 17 large, arched windows. The room seemed to double in size and grandeur. Before long, mirrors sprung up in courts across Europe. The Grande Galerie is known today as the Hall of Mirrors, and it was here that France’s artistic influence began.