During the dark days of W.W. II, Peggy Guggenheim decided to do something unprecedented. At her gallery Art of This Century, in New York City, she mounted a show dedicated solely to women artists. Who were the 31 she exhibited? Some names—Dorothea Tanning, Leonor Fini, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, and Meret Oppenheim—are well-known today. Others, such as Xenia Cage and Hedda Sterne, have yet to become fixtures in art history. But all—whether based in Europe or the U.S.—were breaking new ground. This show recreates that seminal exhibition. —Elena Clavarino