J. M. W. Turner captured the Romantic sublime in watercolors, oils, and prints, his manifestations of elemental power—sky, wind, water—reaching states of abstraction, modernity. “Light is therefore color,” he once said. He also said, enigmatically, “The Sun is God.” Before his death in 1851, Turner was catching his native Britain in transition, a country moving from sail to steam, plunged into industrialization. This exhibition of Turners from the Tate features 24 oil paintings and 80 works on paper. —E.C.