The art critic Robert Hughes once called Marc Chagall “the quintessential Jewish artist of the twentieth century.” His reputation was twofold, however: some considered him the best Jewish artist; others, simply a modernist pioneer. Born in Belarus in 1887, Chagall relocated to Paris in 1910 and would live most of his long life in France, leaving the country for the duration of both World Wars. During the 1930s and 40s, as he witnessed the atrocities Hitler and the fascists were inflicting on Europe, Chagall’s color palette became darker and more sinister, his images touching on themes of identity, exile, and death. Sixty works from that haunting, little-known period are on view in this exhibition. —Elena Clavarino